Are You Getting The Most From Your Wheelchair Ramp?

Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs can be an important device to help the person you love independently at home. However, if they aren't designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require that landings be level at every change in direction, so as to avoid compound slopes. They also require an accessible surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design has to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs comfortably navigate the structure. For example, the ramp slope should not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed of treated lumber which is more durable and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The ramp's top and bottom should be free of obstacles, such as trees, bushes, or other structures which could interfere with the safety of the user. In addition, the surface of the ramp must be non-slip and hard. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface on the ramp's entire length.

Use treated lumber at least four inches in width for the frame of the ramp. Build posts to secure the ramp, ensuring that they are at least eight feet apart and that they extend below the ground level. Spindles should be used to connect the posts to the ramp's railings. This kind of connection minimizes the risk of a ramp operator slipping off the side.

Then, you can build the frame of the ramp using beams that measure 2 by 4 inches in size and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and are secured using hangers for joists which are nails that bind the inside of the joists and stop them from sliding out of place. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Install an upper landing on the doorway so that wheelchair users can easily navigate the doorswing. This landing should be large enough to provide at least 12-24 inches of "elbow room" on the handle side of out-swing doors. The landing for doors that are in-swinging should be 58 x 60 inches in order to accommodate the threshold of the door and a wheelchair user who has to reverse through the doorway.

Install an elevated landing at every change in the direction of the ramp to prevent the requirement for wheelchairs to step on their brakes as they turn corners. A level landing makes it easier to move the ramp out of the way, if needed so that lawnmowers and other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

Concrete, wood or aluminium can be used to construct a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installer can help you select the most suitable option for your home or office. When selecting the material for the removable ramp for wheelchair, it is important to take into account your budget and specific needs. The ramp must also be easy to maintain and safe to use. Some cities require the ramp to be laid out with a non slip wheelchair ramp-slip, non-slip surface.

Before you purchase any materials or begin building, be sure that you have the necessary permits from your local government, and that you follow all building codes in your area. Utilizing the incorrect materials or construction techniques can lead to dangerous conditions for plastic wheelchair ramps users. You can find the most current information about construction regulations at the building department of your local government office or library, or on the internet.

Wood ramps are usually the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, but they require more care than other options. The surface of wood ramps must be regularly treated with a sealer in order to stop warping and rot. Wood can splinter, which can be especially hazardous for wheelchair users. Wood ramps might also require additional support to keep the structure in place and stable.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time however they can be expensive. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp when it is no longer required. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel, but they have the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also more affordable than iron or steel and are an excellent choice for those on a limited budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly because it is naturally present in the earth's crust and can be recycled.

The upper landing of the ramp should be at least 3/8 inch of the threshold to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to cross it without becoming stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this will not meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the landing area and the ground. The last section of the ramp must have a a beveled transition to avoid the abrupt stop of wheelchairs as they exit or enter the dwelling.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is used as an addition or in lieu of stairs. It allows wheelchair users and people who use strollers or carts to get around areas that are otherwise difficult to reach like a front door or a set of sloping steps.

There are a variety of factors to consider when choosing a wheelchair ramp such as location, height and cost. A ramp should be placed as close to the door as possible to help prevent unnecessary transportation. It should also be placed at a level that is easy to navigate by the person who is using it. It should be securely anchored to the floor and free of any obstructions such as shrubbery, parked cars or other obstacles.

ADA regulations state that ramps must have handrails on either side. The rails should be at least 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches beyond it. If the ramp has switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout, handrails must be continuous between the ramp's edges.

The length of the ramp is determined by its slope. However there are basic ramp types that are suitable for all situations. For instance the threshold ramp is placed directly on the lip of a curb, or the threshold of a doorway, while portable ramps for wheelchair access ramps can be moved from one location to another and come in many different sizes. There are also aluminum ramps with modular design that can be built on the spot. These are usually used in public or commercial spaces, and are typically larger than the threshold and ramps that are portable.

Consult with your city's building department to determine the need for a permit for an enduring ramp. It is also a good idea to consult a mobility expert to determine which kind ramp will be the most suitable for your requirements and the space you have. In some instances the installation of permanent ramps can boost the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is important to maintain your wheelchair ramp particularly if it is going to be used regularly. You'll need to conduct regular inspections, and fix any structural problems as they occur. This will help ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to get rid of dirt and debris that can obstruct access. Keep the ramp clean to avoid moisture from accumulating under the surface. This can lead to decay. Stains and wood preservatives only work when the ramp is cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps can be more challenging to maintain than other kinds of ramps, as they are more likely to experience wear and tear. It is important to have the proper tools. To ensure that all fixings are secure and tight you'll require an excellent set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs corrosion or damage. Over time, and with repeated usage, it's possible that some bolts or fittings the handrails to become loose. This can pose an unsafe situation for anyone who is using the wheel chair ramp.

Another important aspect is to ensure the ramp's surface has sufficient grip, particularly during winter when conditions may be challenging. You'll need to clean away any dirt, leaves or other debris that could obstruct and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply an ice melt that is not corrosive to the ramp's surface before winter arrives to prevent slipping and injury.

If you're planning to use your ramp all winter months, you should consider purchasing traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are made to be more efficient on snowy surfaces and uneven surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp more effectively than regular wheelchair tires. Alternatively, you can place heating pads or tape on the ramp's surface to help melt ice and snow before it builds up.